Suchergebnisse

The position of the German government at the First Hague Peace Conference of 1899 was to play an important role after WWI in the debate on the issue of "war guilt." While it very soon became apparent that the sweeping & pointed accusations made against Germany were not justified, Germany, especially Emperor William II, regarded the aims of the Conference with great skepticism. The reservations expressed as to the question of the limitation of arms & war budgets were largely based on the assumption that Russia & the other great powers were attempting to further weaken Germany's already inferior position. On the question of arbitration, however, Germany's reservations were largely a matter of principle. Adapted from the source document.

"Das 'lange 19. Jahrhundert' zeichnete sich durch eine bis dahin ungekannte historische Beschleunigung aus. Die Staaten Europas expandierten überall auf der Welt und entwickelten nachhaltige Gegensätze. Dennoch kam es im Vergleich zum 'kurzen 20. Jahrhundert' nur zu wenigen großen Kriegen. Zunehmende Konflikthaftigkeit, aber auch Begrenzung im Austrag waren kennzeichnend für das Zeitalter des Imperialismus. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde 1899 die Erste Haager Friedenskonferenz einberufen, deren zentrales Anliegen ein Stopp des internationalen Wettrüstens aber vertagt wurde. Mit dem Haager Schiedsgerichtshof wurde jedoch eine erste internationale Institution zur Streitbeilegung geschaffen. Im Jahr 1907 wurde die Zweite Haager Konferenz einberufen, deren wichtigstes Ergebnis eine umfassende Kodifikation des Kriegsrechts war." (Autorenreferat)

The "long 19th century" has seen a previously unknown acceleration of historic developments. European states both colonized most parts of the globe & opposed each other with severe long-term consequences. Yet, unlike the "brief 20th century," the 19th gave way to relatively few wars between great powers. The era of imperialism was characterized by increasing aggressiveness, on the one hand, & by self-containment in military actions, on the other. That was the setting for the First Hague Peace Conference in 1899 & for its endeavor of stopping the international arms race. It was not successful, but by creating the Hague Court of Arbitration, a first international institution of conflict resolution was founded. In 1907, the Second Hague Peace Conference came into being. It resulted in a comprehensive codification of the international law of war. 18 References. Adapted from the source document.